VoIP Bandwidth Calculation
VoIP bandwidth includes the codec payload plus protocol headers (IP, UDP, RTP, and Layer 2). The actual bandwidth is significantly higher than the codec bitrate due to header overhead.
Total per packet = L2 header + IP(20) + UDP(8) + RTP(12) + Payload
BW per call = Total_bytes * 8 * packets_per_second
BW per call = Total_bytes * 8 * packets_per_second
Shorter packetization intervals improve voice quality and reduce latency but increase bandwidth usage due to more frequent headers.